Localize strings
[fanfix.git] / src / jexer / TApplication.java
index c2aa656e805ac4ea4eb0dd8766c2aaa2eacb7840..57d60955e33a1f1d4b21a2069e8b930c922d0124 100644 (file)
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ import java.io.OutputStream;
 import java.io.PrintWriter;
 import java.io.Reader;
 import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
+import java.text.MessageFormat;
 import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.Date;
 import java.util.HashMap;
@@ -41,10 +42,10 @@ import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.LinkedList;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.ResourceBundle;
 
 import jexer.bits.CellAttributes;
 import jexer.bits.ColorTheme;
-import jexer.bits.GraphicsChars;
 import jexer.event.TCommandEvent;
 import jexer.event.TInputEvent;
 import jexer.event.TKeypressEvent;
@@ -52,19 +53,28 @@ import jexer.event.TMenuEvent;
 import jexer.event.TMouseEvent;
 import jexer.event.TResizeEvent;
 import jexer.backend.Backend;
+import jexer.backend.Screen;
+import jexer.backend.MultiBackend;
 import jexer.backend.SwingBackend;
 import jexer.backend.ECMA48Backend;
-import jexer.io.Screen;
+import jexer.backend.TWindowBackend;
 import jexer.menu.TMenu;
 import jexer.menu.TMenuItem;
 import static jexer.TCommand.*;
 import static jexer.TKeypress.*;
 
 /**
- * TApplication sets up a full Text User Interface application.
+ * TApplication is the main driver class for a full Text User Interface
+ * application.  It manages windows, provides a menu bar and status bar, and
+ * processes events received from the user.
  */
 public class TApplication implements Runnable {
 
+    /**
+     * Translated strings.
+     */
+    private static final ResourceBundle i18n = ResourceBundle.getBundle(TApplication.class.getName());
+
     // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
     // Public constants -------------------------------------------------------
     // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -143,6 +153,7 @@ public class TApplication implements Runnable {
          * The consumer loop.
          */
         public void run() {
+            boolean first = true;
 
             // Loop forever
             while (!application.quit) {
@@ -156,44 +167,52 @@ public class TApplication implements Runnable {
                             }
                         }
 
-                        synchronized (this) {
-                            if (debugThreads) {
-                                System.err.printf("%s %s sleep\n", this,
-                                    primary ? "primary" : "secondary");
-                            }
+                        long timeout = 0;
+                        if (first) {
+                            first = false;
+                        } else {
+                            timeout = application.getSleepTime(1000);
+                        }
 
-                            this.wait();
+                        if (timeout == 0) {
+                            // A timer needs to fire, break out.
+                            break;
+                        }
 
-                            if (debugThreads) {
-                                System.err.printf("%s %s AWAKE\n", this,
-                                    primary ? "primary" : "secondary");
-                            }
+                        if (debugThreads) {
+                            System.err.printf("%d %s %s sleep %d millis\n",
+                                System.currentTimeMillis(), this,
+                                primary ? "primary" : "secondary", timeout);
+                        }
+
+                        synchronized (this) {
+                            this.wait(timeout);
+                        }
+
+                        if (debugThreads) {
+                            System.err.printf("%d %s %s AWAKE\n",
+                                System.currentTimeMillis(), this,
+                                primary ? "primary" : "secondary");
+                        }
 
-                            if ((!primary)
-                                && (application.secondaryEventReceiver == null)
-                            ) {
-                                // Secondary thread, emergency exit.  If we
-                                // got here then something went wrong with
-                                // the handoff between yield() and
-                                // closeWindow().
-                                synchronized (application.primaryEventHandler) {
-                                    application.primaryEventHandler.notify();
-                                }
-                                application.secondaryEventHandler = null;
-                                throw new RuntimeException(
-                                        "secondary exited at wrong time");
+                        if ((!primary)
+                            && (application.secondaryEventReceiver == null)
+                        ) {
+                            // Secondary thread, emergency exit.  If we got
+                            // here then something went wrong with the
+                            // handoff between yield() and closeWindow().
+                            synchronized (application.primaryEventHandler) {
+                                application.primaryEventHandler.notify();
                             }
-                            break;
+                            application.secondaryEventHandler = null;
+                            throw new RuntimeException("secondary exited " +
+                                "at wrong time");
                         }
+                        break;
                     } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                         // SQUASH
                     }
-                }
-
-                // Wait for drawAll() or doIdle() to be done, then handle the
-                // events.
-                boolean oldLock = lockHandleEvent();
-                assert (oldLock == false);
+                } // while (!application.quit)
 
                 // Pull all events off the queue
                 for (;;) {
@@ -204,7 +223,11 @@ public class TApplication implements Runnable {
                         }
                         event = application.drainEventQueue.remove(0);
                     }
+
+                    // We will have an event to process, so repaint the
+                    // screen at the end.
                     application.repaint = true;
+
                     if (primary) {
                         primaryHandleEvent(event);
                     } else {
@@ -228,17 +251,12 @@ public class TApplication implements Runnable {
                         // All done!
                         return;
                     }
-                } // for (;;)
 
-                // Unlock.  Either I am primary thread, or I am secondary
-                // thread and still running.
-                oldLock = unlockHandleEvent();
-                assert (oldLock == true);
+                } // for (;;)
 
-                // I have done some work of some kind.  Tell the main run()
-                // loop to wake up now.
-                synchronized (application) {
-                    application.notify();
+                // Fire timers, update screen.
+                if (!quit) {
+                    application.finishEventProcessing();
                 }
 
             } // while (true) (main runnable loop)
@@ -260,12 +278,6 @@ public class TApplication implements Runnable {
      */
     private volatile TWidget secondaryEventReceiver;
 
-    /**
-     * Spinlock for the primary and secondary event handlers.
-     * WidgetEventHandler.run() is responsible for setting this value.
-     */
-    private volatile boolean insideHandleEvent = false;
-
     /**
      * Wake the sleeping active event handler.
      */
@@ -282,104 +294,6 @@ public class TApplication implements Runnable {
         }
     }
 
-    /**
-     * Set the insideHandleEvent flag to true.  lockoutEventHandlers() will
-     * spin indefinitely until unlockHandleEvent() is called.
-     *
-     * @return the old value of insideHandleEvent
-     */
-    private boolean lockHandleEvent() {
-        if (debugThreads) {
-            System.err.printf("  >> lockHandleEvent(): oldValue %s",
-                insideHandleEvent);
-        }
-        boolean oldValue = true;
-
-        synchronized (this) {
-            // Wait for TApplication.run() to finish using the global state
-            // before allowing further event processing.
-            while (lockoutHandleEvent == true) {
-                try {
-                    // Backoff so that the backend can finish its work.
-                    Thread.sleep(5);
-                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
-                    // SQUASH
-                }
-            }
-
-            oldValue = insideHandleEvent;
-            insideHandleEvent = true;
-        }
-
-        if (debugThreads) {
-            System.err.printf(" ***\n");
-        }
-        return oldValue;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Set the insideHandleEvent flag to false.  lockoutEventHandlers() will
-     * spin indefinitely until unlockHandleEvent() is called.
-     *
-     * @return the old value of insideHandleEvent
-     */
-    private boolean unlockHandleEvent() {
-        if (debugThreads) {
-            System.err.printf("  << unlockHandleEvent(): oldValue %s\n",
-                insideHandleEvent);
-        }
-        synchronized (this) {
-            boolean oldValue = insideHandleEvent;
-            insideHandleEvent = false;
-            return oldValue;
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Spinlock for the primary and secondary event handlers.  When true, the
-     * event handlers will spinlock wait before calling handleEvent().
-     */
-    private volatile boolean lockoutHandleEvent = false;
-
-    /**
-     * TApplication.run() needs to be able rely on the global data structures
-     * being intact when calling doIdle() and drawAll().  Tell the event
-     * handlers to wait for an unlock before handling their events.
-     */
-    private void stopEventHandlers() {
-        if (debugThreads) {
-            System.err.printf(">> stopEventHandlers()");
-        }
-
-        lockoutHandleEvent = true;
-        // Wait for the last event to finish processing before returning
-        // control to TApplication.run().
-        while (insideHandleEvent == true) {
-            try {
-                // Backoff so that the event handler can finish its work.
-                Thread.sleep(1);
-            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
-                // SQUASH
-            }
-        }
-
-        if (debugThreads) {
-            System.err.printf(" XXX\n");
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * TApplication.run() needs to be able rely on the global data structures
-     * being intact when calling doIdle() and drawAll().  Tell the event
-     * handlers that it is now OK to handle their events.
-     */
-    private void startEventHandlers() {
-        if (debugThreads) {
-            System.err.printf("<< startEventHandlers()\n");
-        }
-        lockoutHandleEvent = false;
-    }
-
     // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
     // TApplication attributes ------------------------------------------------
     // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -404,7 +318,15 @@ public class TApplication implements Runnable {
      * @return the Screen
      */
     public final Screen getScreen() {
-        return backend.getScreen();
+        if (backend instanceof TWindowBackend) {
+            // We are being rendered to a TWindow.  We can't use its
+            // getScreen() method because that is how it is rendering to a
+            // hardware backend somewhere.  Instead use its getOtherScreen()
+            // method.
+            return ((TWindowBackend) backend).getOtherScreen();
+        } else {
+            return backend.getScreen();
+        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -449,7 +371,7 @@ public class TApplication implements Runnable {
     private List<TMenu> subMenus;
 
     /**
-     * The currently acive menu.
+     * The currently active menu.
      */
     private TMenu activeMenu = null;
 
@@ -482,6 +404,11 @@ public class TApplication implements Runnable {
      */
     private List<TWindow> windows;
 
+    /**
+     * The currently acive window.
+     */
+    private TWindow activeWindow = null;
+
     /**
      * Timers that are being ticked.
      */
@@ -497,6 +424,14 @@ public class TApplication implements Runnable {
      */
     private volatile boolean repaint = true;
 
+    /**
+     * Repaint the screen on the next update.
+     */
+    public void doRepaint() {
+        repaint = true;
+        wakeEventHandler();
+    }
+
     /**
      * Y coordinate of the top edge of the desktop.  For now this is a
      * constant.  Someday it would be nice to have a multi-line menu or
@@ -527,6 +462,80 @@ public class TApplication implements Runnable {
         return desktopBottom;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * An optional TDesktop background window that is drawn underneath
+     * everything else.
+     */
+    private TDesktop desktop;
+
+    /**
+     * Set the TDesktop instance.
+     *
+     * @param desktop a TDesktop instance, or null to remove the one that is
+     * set
+     */
+    public final void setDesktop(final TDesktop desktop) {
+        if (this.desktop != null) {
+            this.desktop.onClose();
+        }
+        this.desktop = desktop;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get the TDesktop instance.
+     *
+     * @return the desktop, or null if it is not set
+     */
+    public final TDesktop getDesktop() {
+        return desktop;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get the current active window.
+     *
+     * @return the active window, or null if it is not set
+     */
+    public final TWindow getActiveWindow() {
+        return activeWindow;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get a (shallow) copy of the window list.
+     *
+     * @return a copy of the list of windows for this application
+     */
+    public final List<TWindow> getAllWindows() {
+        List<TWindow> result = new LinkedList<TWindow>();
+        result.addAll(windows);
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * If true, focus follows mouse: windows automatically raised if the
+     * mouse passes over them.
+     */
+    private boolean focusFollowsMouse = false;
+
+    /**
+     * Get focusFollowsMouse flag.
+     *
+     * @return true if focus follows mouse: windows automatically raised if
+     * the mouse passes over them
+     */
+    public boolean getFocusFollowsMouse() {
+        return focusFollowsMouse;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set focusFollowsMouse flag.
+     *
+     * @param focusFollowsMouse if true, focus follows mouse: windows
+     * automatically raised if the mouse passes over them
+     */
+    public void setFocusFollowsMouse(final boolean focusFollowsMouse) {
+        this.focusFollowsMouse = focusFollowsMouse;
+    }
+
     // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
     // General behavior -------------------------------------------------------
     // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -535,8 +544,9 @@ public class TApplication implements Runnable {
      * Display the about dialog.
      */
     protected void showAboutDialog() {
-        messageBox("About", "Jexer Version " +
-            this.getClass().getPackage().getImplementationVersion(),
+        messageBox(i18n.getString("aboutDialogTitle"),
+            MessageFormat.format(i18n.getString("aboutDialogText"),
+                this.getClass().getPackage().getImplementationVersion()),
             TMessageBox.Type.OK);
     }
 
@@ -557,6 +567,12 @@ public class TApplication implements Runnable {
 
         switch (backendType) {
         case SWING:
+            // The default SwingBackend is 80x25, 20 pt font.  If you want to
+            // change that, you can pass the extra arguments to the
+            // SwingBackend constructor here.  For example, if you wanted
+            // 90x30, 16 pt font:
+            //
+            // backend = new SwingBackend(this, 90, 30, 16);
             backend = new SwingBackend(this);
             break;
         case XTERM:
@@ -633,6 +649,7 @@ public class TApplication implements Runnable {
      */
     public TApplication(final Backend backend) {
         this.backend = backend;
+        backend.setListener(this);
         TApplicationImpl();
     }
 
@@ -650,16 +667,58 @@ public class TApplication implements Runnable {
         timers          = new LinkedList<TTimer>();
         accelerators    = new HashMap<TKeypress, TMenuItem>();
         menuItems       = new ArrayList<TMenuItem>();
+        desktop         = new TDesktop(this);
 
-        // Setup the main consumer thread
-        primaryEventHandler = new WidgetEventHandler(this, true);
-        (new Thread(primaryEventHandler)).start();
+        // Special case: the Swing backend needs to have a timer to drive its
+        // blink state.
+        if ((backend instanceof SwingBackend)
+            || (backend instanceof MultiBackend)
+        ) {
+            // Default to 500 millis, unless a SwingBackend has its own
+            // value.
+            long millis = 500;
+            if (backend instanceof SwingBackend) {
+                millis = ((SwingBackend) backend).getBlinkMillis();
+            }
+            if (millis > 0) {
+                addTimer(millis, true,
+                    new TAction() {
+                        public void DO() {
+                            TApplication.this.doRepaint();
+                        }
+                    }
+                );
+            }
+        }
     }
 
     // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
     // Screen refresh loop ----------------------------------------------------
     // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
+    /**
+     * Process background events, and update the screen.
+     */
+    private void finishEventProcessing() {
+        if (debugThreads) {
+            System.err.printf(System.currentTimeMillis() + " " +
+                Thread.currentThread() + " finishEventProcessing()\n");
+        }
+
+        // Process timers and call doIdle()'s
+        doIdle();
+
+        // Update the screen
+        synchronized (getScreen()) {
+            drawAll();
+        }
+
+        if (debugThreads) {
+            System.err.printf(System.currentTimeMillis() + " " +
+                Thread.currentThread() + " finishEventProcessing() END\n");
+        }
+    }
+
     /**
      * Invert the cell color at a position.  This is used to track the mouse.
      *
@@ -668,7 +727,8 @@ public class TApplication implements Runnable {
      */
     private void invertCell(final int x, final int y) {
         if (debugThreads) {
-            System.err.printf("invertCell() %d %d\n", x, y);
+            System.err.printf("%d %s invertCell() %d %d\n",
+                System.currentTimeMillis(), Thread.currentThread(), x, y);
         }
         CellAttributes attr = getScreen().getAttrXY(x, y);
         attr.setForeColor(attr.getForeColor().invert());
@@ -680,13 +740,17 @@ public class TApplication implements Runnable {
      * Draw everything.
      */
     private void drawAll() {
+        boolean menuIsActive = false;
+
         if (debugThreads) {
-            System.err.printf("drawAll() enter\n");
+            System.err.printf("%d %s drawAll() enter\n",
+                System.currentTimeMillis(), Thread.currentThread());
         }
 
         if (!repaint) {
             if (debugThreads) {
-                System.err.printf("drawAll() !repaint\n");
+                System.err.printf("%d %s drawAll() !repaint\n",
+                    System.currentTimeMillis(), Thread.currentThread());
             }
             synchronized (getScreen()) {
                 if ((oldMouseX != mouseX) || (oldMouseY != mouseY)) {
@@ -705,7 +769,8 @@ public class TApplication implements Runnable {
         }
 
         if (debugThreads) {
-            System.err.printf("drawAll() REDRAW\n");
+            System.err.printf("%d %s drawAll() REDRAW\n",
+                System.currentTimeMillis(), Thread.currentThread());
         }
 
         // If true, the cursor is not visible
@@ -714,9 +779,10 @@ public class TApplication implements Runnable {
         // Start with a clean screen
         getScreen().clear();
 
-        // Draw the background
-        CellAttributes background = theme.getColor("tapplication.background");
-        getScreen().putAll(GraphicsChars.HATCH, background);
+        // Draw the desktop
+        if (desktop != null) {
+            desktop.drawChildren();
+        }
 
         // Draw each window in reverse Z order
         List<TWindow> sorted = new LinkedList<TWindow>(windows);
@@ -727,7 +793,9 @@ public class TApplication implements Runnable {
         }
         Collections.reverse(sorted);
         for (TWindow window: sorted) {
-            window.drawChildren();
+            if (window.isShown()) {
+                window.drawChildren();
+            }
         }
 
         // Draw the blank menubar line - reset the screen clipping first so
@@ -741,6 +809,7 @@ public class TApplication implements Runnable {
             CellAttributes menuColor;
             CellAttributes menuMnemonicColor;
             if (menu.isActive()) {
+                menuIsActive = true;
                 menuColor = theme.getColor("tmenu.highlighted");
                 menuMnemonicColor = theme.getColor("tmenu.mnemonic.highlighted");
                 topLevel = menu;
@@ -793,13 +862,25 @@ public class TApplication implements Runnable {
         oldMouseY = mouseY;
 
         // Place the cursor if it is visible
-        TWidget activeWidget = null;
-        if (sorted.size() > 0) {
-            activeWidget = sorted.get(sorted.size() - 1).getActiveChild();
-            if (activeWidget.isCursorVisible()) {
-                getScreen().putCursor(true, activeWidget.getCursorAbsoluteX(),
-                    activeWidget.getCursorAbsoluteY());
-                cursor = true;
+        if (!menuIsActive) {
+            TWidget activeWidget = null;
+            if (sorted.size() > 0) {
+                activeWidget = sorted.get(sorted.size() - 1).getActiveChild();
+                if (activeWidget.isCursorVisible()) {
+                    if ((activeWidget.getCursorAbsoluteY() < desktopBottom)
+                        && (activeWidget.getCursorAbsoluteY() > desktopTop)
+                    ) {
+                        getScreen().putCursor(true,
+                            activeWidget.getCursorAbsoluteX(),
+                            activeWidget.getCursorAbsoluteY());
+                        cursor = true;
+                    } else {
+                        getScreen().putCursor(false,
+                            activeWidget.getCursorAbsoluteX(),
+                            activeWidget.getCursorAbsoluteY());
+                        cursor = false;
+                    }
+                }
             }
         }
 
@@ -820,60 +901,71 @@ public class TApplication implements Runnable {
     // Main loop --------------------------------------------------------------
     // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
+    /**
+     * Force this application to exit.
+     */
+    public void exit() {
+        quit = true;
+        synchronized (this) {
+            this.notify();
+        }
+    }
+
     /**
      * Run this application until it exits.
      */
     public void run() {
+        // Start the main consumer thread
+        primaryEventHandler = new WidgetEventHandler(this, true);
+        (new Thread(primaryEventHandler)).start();
+
         while (!quit) {
-            // Timeout is in milliseconds, so default timeout after 1 second
-            // of inactivity.
-            long timeout = 0;
-
-            // If I've got no updates to render, wait for something from the
-            // backend or a timer.
-            if (!repaint
-                && ((mouseX == oldMouseX) && (mouseY == oldMouseY))
-            ) {
-                // Never sleep longer than 50 millis.  We need time for
-                // windows with background tasks to update the display, and
-                // still flip buffers reasonably quickly in
-                // backend.flushPhysical().
-                timeout = getSleepTime(50);
-            }
-
-            if (timeout > 0) {
-                // As of now, I've got nothing to do: no I/O, nothing from
-                // the consumer threads, no timers that need to run ASAP.  So
-                // wait until either the backend or the consumer threads have
-                // something to do.
-                try {
-                    if (debugThreads) {
-                        System.err.println("sleep " + timeout + " millis");
+            synchronized (this) {
+                boolean doWait = false;
+
+                synchronized (fillEventQueue) {
+                    if (fillEventQueue.size() == 0) {
+                        doWait = true;
                     }
-                    synchronized (this) {
-                        this.wait(timeout);
+                }
+
+                if (doWait) {
+                    // No I/O to dispatch, so wait until the backend
+                    // provides new I/O.
+                    try {
+                        if (debugThreads) {
+                            System.err.println(System.currentTimeMillis() +
+                                " MAIN sleep");
+                        }
+
+                        this.wait();
+
+                        if (debugThreads) {
+                            System.err.println(System.currentTimeMillis() +
+                                " MAIN AWAKE");
+                        }
+                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+                        // I'm awake and don't care why, let's see what's
+                        // going on out there.
                     }
-                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
-                    // I'm awake and don't care why, let's see what's going
-                    // on out there.
                 }
-                repaint = true;
-            }
 
-            // Prevent stepping on the primary or secondary event handler.
-            stopEventHandlers();
+            } // synchronized (this)
 
-            // Pull any pending I/O events
-            backend.getEvents(fillEventQueue);
+            synchronized (fillEventQueue) {
+                // Pull any pending I/O events
+                backend.getEvents(fillEventQueue);
 
-            // Dispatch each event to the appropriate handler, one at a time.
-            for (;;) {
-                TInputEvent event = null;
-                if (fillEventQueue.size() == 0) {
-                    break;
+                // Dispatch each event to the appropriate handler, one at a
+                // time.
+                for (;;) {
+                    TInputEvent event = null;
+                    if (fillEventQueue.size() == 0) {
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    event = fillEventQueue.remove(0);
+                    metaHandleEvent(event);
                 }
-                event = fillEventQueue.remove(0);
-                metaHandleEvent(event);
             }
 
             // Wake a consumer thread if we have any pending events.
@@ -881,17 +973,6 @@ public class TApplication implements Runnable {
                 wakeEventHandler();
             }
 
-            // Process timers and call doIdle()'s
-            doIdle();
-
-            // Update the screen
-            synchronized (getScreen()) {
-                drawAll();
-            }
-
-            // Let the event handlers run again.
-            startEventHandlers();
-
         } // while (!quit)
 
         // Shutdown the event consumer threads
@@ -940,41 +1021,36 @@ public class TApplication implements Runnable {
         if (event instanceof TCommandEvent) {
             TCommandEvent command = (TCommandEvent) event;
             if (command.getCmd().equals(cmAbort)) {
-                quit = true;
+                exit();
                 return;
             }
         }
 
-        // Screen resize
-        if (event instanceof TResizeEvent) {
-            TResizeEvent resize = (TResizeEvent) event;
-            synchronized (getScreen()) {
-                getScreen().setDimensions(resize.getWidth(),
-                    resize.getHeight());
-                desktopBottom = getScreen().getHeight() - 1;
-                mouseX = 0;
-                mouseY = 0;
-                oldMouseX = 0;
-                oldMouseY = 0;
-            }
-            return;
-        }
-
-        // Peek at the mouse position
-        if (event instanceof TMouseEvent) {
-            TMouseEvent mouse = (TMouseEvent) event;
-            synchronized (getScreen()) {
-                if ((mouseX != mouse.getX()) || (mouseY != mouse.getY())) {
-                    oldMouseX = mouseX;
-                    oldMouseY = mouseY;
-                    mouseX = mouse.getX();
-                    mouseY = mouse.getY();
+        synchronized (drainEventQueue) {
+            // Screen resize
+            if (event instanceof TResizeEvent) {
+                TResizeEvent resize = (TResizeEvent) event;
+                synchronized (getScreen()) {
+                    getScreen().setDimensions(resize.getWidth(),
+                        resize.getHeight());
+                    desktopBottom = getScreen().getHeight() - 1;
+                    mouseX = 0;
+                    mouseY = 0;
+                    oldMouseX = 0;
+                    oldMouseY = 0;
                 }
+                if (desktop != null) {
+                    desktop.setDimensions(0, 0, resize.getWidth(),
+                        resize.getHeight() - 1);
+                }
+                // We are dirty, redraw the screen.
+                doRepaint();
+                return;
             }
-        }
 
-        // Put into the main queue
-        drainEventQueue.add(event);
+            // Put into the main queue
+            drainEventQueue.add(event);
+        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -995,6 +1071,14 @@ public class TApplication implements Runnable {
 
         // Peek at the mouse position
         if (event instanceof TMouseEvent) {
+            TMouseEvent mouse = (TMouseEvent) event;
+            if ((mouseX != mouse.getX()) || (mouseY != mouse.getY())) {
+                oldMouseX = mouseX;
+                oldMouseY = mouseY;
+                mouseX = mouse.getX();
+                mouseY = mouse.getY();
+            }
+
             // See if we need to switch focus to another window or the menu
             checkSwitchFocus((TMouseEvent) event);
         }
@@ -1044,13 +1128,12 @@ public class TApplication implements Runnable {
             // shortcutted by the active window, and if so dispatch the menu
             // event.
             boolean windowWillShortcut = false;
-            for (TWindow window: windows) {
-                if (window.isActive()) {
-                    if (window.isShortcutKeypress(keypress.getKey())) {
-                        // We do not process this key, it will be passed to
-                        // the window instead.
-                        windowWillShortcut = true;
-                    }
+            if (activeWindow != null) {
+                assert (activeWindow.isShown());
+                if (activeWindow.isShortcutKeypress(keypress.getKey())) {
+                    // We do not process this key, it will be passed to the
+                    // window instead.
+                    windowWillShortcut = true;
                 }
             }
 
@@ -1088,25 +1171,40 @@ public class TApplication implements Runnable {
         }
 
         // Dispatch events to the active window -------------------------------
-        for (TWindow window: windows) {
-            if (window.isActive()) {
-                if (event instanceof TMouseEvent) {
-                    TMouseEvent mouse = (TMouseEvent) event;
-                    // Convert the mouse relative x/y to window coordinates
-                    assert (mouse.getX() == mouse.getAbsoluteX());
-                    assert (mouse.getY() == mouse.getAbsoluteY());
-                    mouse.setX(mouse.getX() - window.getX());
-                    mouse.setY(mouse.getY() - window.getY());
-                }
-                if (debugEvents) {
-                    System.err.printf("TApplication dispatch event: %s\n",
-                        event);
+        boolean dispatchToDesktop = true;
+        TWindow window = activeWindow;
+        if (window != null) {
+            assert (window.isActive());
+            assert (window.isShown());
+            if (event instanceof TMouseEvent) {
+                TMouseEvent mouse = (TMouseEvent) event;
+                // Convert the mouse relative x/y to window coordinates
+                assert (mouse.getX() == mouse.getAbsoluteX());
+                assert (mouse.getY() == mouse.getAbsoluteY());
+                mouse.setX(mouse.getX() - window.getX());
+                mouse.setY(mouse.getY() - window.getY());
+
+                if (window.mouseWouldHit(mouse)) {
+                    dispatchToDesktop = false;
                 }
-                window.handleEvent(event);
-                break;
+            } else if (event instanceof TKeypressEvent) {
+                dispatchToDesktop = false;
+            }
+
+            if (debugEvents) {
+                System.err.printf("TApplication dispatch event: %s\n",
+                    event);
+            }
+            window.handleEvent(event);
+        }
+        if (dispatchToDesktop) {
+            // This event is fair game for the desktop to process.
+            if (desktop != null) {
+                desktop.handleEvent(event);
             }
         }
     }
+
     /**
      * Dispatch one event to the appropriate widget or application-level
      * event handler.  This is the secondary event handler used by certain
@@ -1116,6 +1214,17 @@ public class TApplication implements Runnable {
      * @see #primaryHandleEvent(TInputEvent event)
      */
     private void secondaryHandleEvent(final TInputEvent event) {
+        // Peek at the mouse position
+        if (event instanceof TMouseEvent) {
+            TMouseEvent mouse = (TMouseEvent) event;
+            if ((mouseX != mouse.getX()) || (mouseY != mouse.getY())) {
+                oldMouseX = mouseX;
+                oldMouseY = mouseY;
+                mouseX = mouse.getX();
+                mouseY = mouse.getY();
+            }
+        }
+
         secondaryEventReceiver.handleEvent(event);
     }
 
@@ -1125,12 +1234,18 @@ public class TApplication implements Runnable {
      * @param widget widget that will receive events
      */
     public final void enableSecondaryEventReceiver(final TWidget widget) {
+        if (debugThreads) {
+            System.err.println(System.currentTimeMillis() +
+                " enableSecondaryEventReceiver()");
+        }
+
         assert (secondaryEventReceiver == null);
         assert (secondaryEventHandler == null);
         assert ((widget instanceof TMessageBox)
             || (widget instanceof TFileOpenBox));
         secondaryEventReceiver = widget;
         secondaryEventHandler = new WidgetEventHandler(this, false);
+
         (new Thread(secondaryEventHandler)).start();
     }
 
@@ -1139,12 +1254,6 @@ public class TApplication implements Runnable {
      */
     public final void yield() {
         assert (secondaryEventReceiver != null);
-        // This is where we handoff the event handler lock from the primary
-        // to secondary thread.  We unlock here, and in a future loop the
-        // secondary thread locks again.  When it gives up, we have the
-        // single lock back.
-        boolean oldLock = unlockHandleEvent();
-        assert (oldLock);
 
         while (secondaryEventReceiver != null) {
             synchronized (primaryEventHandler) {
@@ -1162,34 +1271,240 @@ public class TApplication implements Runnable {
      */
     private void doIdle() {
         if (debugThreads) {
-            System.err.printf("doIdle()\n");
+            System.err.printf(System.currentTimeMillis() + " " +
+                Thread.currentThread() + " doIdle()\n");
         }
 
-        // Now run any timers that have timed out
-        Date now = new Date();
-        List<TTimer> keepTimers = new LinkedList<TTimer>();
-        for (TTimer timer: timers) {
-            if (timer.getNextTick().getTime() <= now.getTime()) {
-                timer.tick();
-                if (timer.recurring) {
+        synchronized (timers) {
+
+            if (debugThreads) {
+                System.err.printf(System.currentTimeMillis() + " " +
+                    Thread.currentThread() + " doIdle() 2\n");
+            }
+
+            // Run any timers that have timed out
+            Date now = new Date();
+            List<TTimer> keepTimers = new LinkedList<TTimer>();
+            for (TTimer timer: timers) {
+                if (timer.getNextTick().getTime() <= now.getTime()) {
+                    // Something might change, so repaint the screen.
+                    repaint = true;
+                    timer.tick();
+                    if (timer.recurring) {
+                        keepTimers.add(timer);
+                    }
+                } else {
                     keepTimers.add(timer);
                 }
-            } else {
-                keepTimers.add(timer);
             }
+            timers = keepTimers;
         }
-        timers = keepTimers;
 
         // Call onIdle's
         for (TWindow window: windows) {
             window.onIdle();
         }
+        if (desktop != null) {
+            desktop.onIdle();
+        }
     }
 
     // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
     // TWindow management -----------------------------------------------------
     // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
+    /**
+     * Return the total number of windows.
+     *
+     * @return the total number of windows
+     */
+    public final int windowCount() {
+        return windows.size();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Return the number of windows that are showing.
+     *
+     * @return the number of windows that are showing on screen
+     */
+    public final int shownWindowCount() {
+        int n = 0;
+        for (TWindow w: windows) {
+            if (w.isShown()) {
+                n++;
+            }
+        }
+        return n;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Return the number of windows that are hidden.
+     *
+     * @return the number of windows that are hidden
+     */
+    public final int hiddenWindowCount() {
+        int n = 0;
+        for (TWindow w: windows) {
+            if (w.isHidden()) {
+                n++;
+            }
+        }
+        return n;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Check if a window instance is in this application's window list.
+     *
+     * @param window window to look for
+     * @return true if this window is in the list
+     */
+    public final boolean hasWindow(final TWindow window) {
+        if (windows.size() == 0) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        for (TWindow w: windows) {
+            if (w == window) {
+                assert (window.getApplication() == this);
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Activate a window: bring it to the top and have it receive events.
+     *
+     * @param window the window to become the new active window
+     */
+    public void activateWindow(final TWindow window) {
+        if (hasWindow(window) == false) {
+            /*
+             * Someone has a handle to a window I don't have.  Ignore this
+             * request.
+             */
+            return;
+        }
+
+        // Whatever window might be moving/dragging, stop it now.
+        for (TWindow w: windows) {
+            if (w.inMovements()) {
+                w.stopMovements();
+            }
+        }
+
+        assert (windows.size() > 0);
+
+        if (window.isHidden()) {
+            // Unhiding will also activate.
+            showWindow(window);
+            return;
+        }
+        assert (window.isShown());
+
+        if (windows.size() == 1) {
+            assert (window == windows.get(0));
+            if (activeWindow == null) {
+                activeWindow = window;
+                window.setZ(0);
+                activeWindow.setActive(true);
+                activeWindow.onFocus();
+            }
+
+            assert (window.isActive());
+            assert (activeWindow == window);
+            return;
+        }
+
+        if (activeWindow == window) {
+            assert (window.isActive());
+
+            // Window is already active, do nothing.
+            return;
+        }
+
+        assert (!window.isActive());
+        if (activeWindow != null) {
+            assert (activeWindow.getZ() == 0);
+
+            activeWindow.onUnfocus();
+            activeWindow.setActive(false);
+            activeWindow.setZ(window.getZ());
+        }
+        activeWindow = window;
+        activeWindow.setZ(0);
+        activeWindow.setActive(true);
+        activeWindow.onFocus();
+        return;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Hide a window.
+     *
+     * @param window the window to hide
+     */
+    public void hideWindow(final TWindow window) {
+        if (hasWindow(window) == false) {
+            /*
+             * Someone has a handle to a window I don't have.  Ignore this
+             * request.
+             */
+            return;
+        }
+
+        // Whatever window might be moving/dragging, stop it now.
+        for (TWindow w: windows) {
+            if (w.inMovements()) {
+                w.stopMovements();
+            }
+        }
+
+        assert (windows.size() > 0);
+
+        if (!window.hidden) {
+            if (window == activeWindow) {
+                if (shownWindowCount() > 1) {
+                    switchWindow(true);
+                } else {
+                    activeWindow = null;
+                    window.setActive(false);
+                    window.onUnfocus();
+                }
+            }
+            window.hidden = true;
+            window.onHide();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Show a window.
+     *
+     * @param window the window to show
+     */
+    public void showWindow(final TWindow window) {
+        if (hasWindow(window) == false) {
+            /*
+             * Someone has a handle to a window I don't have.  Ignore this
+             * request.
+             */
+            return;
+        }
+
+        // Whatever window might be moving/dragging, stop it now.
+        for (TWindow w: windows) {
+            if (w.inMovements()) {
+                w.stopMovements();
+            }
+        }
+
+        assert (windows.size() > 0);
+
+        if (window.hidden) {
+            window.hidden = false;
+            window.onShow();
+            activateWindow(window);
+        }
+    }
+
     /**
      * Close window.  Note that the window's destructor is NOT called by this
      * method, instead the GC is assumed to do the cleanup.
@@ -1197,13 +1512,28 @@ public class TApplication implements Runnable {
      * @param window the window to remove
      */
     public final void closeWindow(final TWindow window) {
+        if (hasWindow(window) == false) {
+            /*
+             * Someone has a handle to a window I don't have.  Ignore this
+             * request.
+             */
+            return;
+        }
+
         synchronized (windows) {
+            // Whatever window might be moving/dragging, stop it now.
+            for (TWindow w: windows) {
+                if (w.inMovements()) {
+                    w.stopMovements();
+                }
+            }
+
             int z = window.getZ();
             window.setZ(-1);
             window.onUnfocus();
             Collections.sort(windows);
             windows.remove(0);
-            TWindow activeWindow = null;
+            activeWindow = null;
             for (TWindow w: windows) {
                 if (w.getZ() > z) {
                     w.setZ(w.getZ() - 1);
@@ -1239,6 +1569,13 @@ public class TApplication implements Runnable {
                 secondaryEventHandler.notify();
             }
         }
+
+        // Permit desktop to be active if it is the only thing left.
+        if (desktop != null) {
+            if (windows.size() == 0) {
+                desktop.setActive(true);
+            }
+        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1248,45 +1585,55 @@ public class TApplication implements Runnable {
      * otherwise switch to the previous window in the list
      */
     public final void switchWindow(final boolean forward) {
-        // Only switch if there are multiple windows
-        if (windows.size() < 2) {
+        // Only switch if there are multiple visible windows
+        if (shownWindowCount() < 2) {
             return;
         }
+        assert (activeWindow != null);
 
         synchronized (windows) {
+            // Whatever window might be moving/dragging, stop it now.
+            for (TWindow w: windows) {
+                if (w.inMovements()) {
+                    w.stopMovements();
+                }
+            }
 
             // Swap z/active between active window and the next in the list
             int activeWindowI = -1;
             for (int i = 0; i < windows.size(); i++) {
-                if (windows.get(i).isActive()) {
+                if (windows.get(i) == activeWindow) {
+                    assert (activeWindow.isActive());
                     activeWindowI = i;
                     break;
+                } else {
+                    assert (!windows.get(0).isActive());
                 }
             }
             assert (activeWindowI >= 0);
 
             // Do not switch if a window is modal
-            if (windows.get(activeWindowI).isModal()) {
+            if (activeWindow.isModal()) {
                 return;
             }
 
-            int nextWindowI;
-            if (forward) {
-                nextWindowI = (activeWindowI + 1) % windows.size();
-            } else {
-                if (activeWindowI == 0) {
-                    nextWindowI = windows.size() - 1;
+            int nextWindowI = activeWindowI;
+            for (;;) {
+                if (forward) {
+                    nextWindowI++;
+                    nextWindowI %= windows.size();
                 } else {
-                    nextWindowI = activeWindowI - 1;
+                    nextWindowI--;
+                    if (nextWindowI < 0) {
+                        nextWindowI = windows.size() - 1;
+                    }
                 }
-            }
-            windows.get(activeWindowI).setActive(false);
-            windows.get(activeWindowI).setZ(windows.get(nextWindowI).getZ());
-            windows.get(activeWindowI).onUnfocus();
-            windows.get(nextWindowI).setZ(0);
-            windows.get(nextWindowI).setActive(true);
-            windows.get(nextWindowI).onFocus();
 
+                if (windows.get(nextWindowI).isShown()) {
+                    activateWindow(windows.get(nextWindowI));
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
         } // synchronized (windows)
 
     }
@@ -1303,25 +1650,43 @@ public class TApplication implements Runnable {
             return;
         }
 
+        // Do not add the desktop to the window list.
+        if (window instanceof TDesktop) {
+            return;
+        }
+
         synchronized (windows) {
+            // Whatever window might be moving/dragging, stop it now.
+            for (TWindow w: windows) {
+                if (w.inMovements()) {
+                    w.stopMovements();
+                }
+            }
+
             // Do not allow a modal window to spawn a non-modal window.  If a
             // modal window is active, then this window will become modal
             // too.
             if (modalWindowActive()) {
                 window.flags |= TWindow.MODAL;
                 window.flags |= TWindow.CENTERED;
+                window.hidden = false;
             }
-            for (TWindow w: windows) {
-                if (w.isActive()) {
-                    w.setActive(false);
-                    w.onUnfocus();
+            if (window.isShown()) {
+                for (TWindow w: windows) {
+                    if (w.isActive()) {
+                        w.setActive(false);
+                        w.onUnfocus();
+                    }
+                    w.setZ(w.getZ() + 1);
                 }
-                w.setZ(w.getZ() + 1);
             }
             windows.add(window);
-            window.setZ(0);
-            window.setActive(true);
-            window.onFocus();
+            if (window.isShown()) {
+                activeWindow = window;
+                activeWindow.setZ(0);
+                activeWindow.setActive(true);
+                activeWindow.onFocus();
+            }
 
             if (((window.flags & TWindow.CENTERED) == 0)
                 && smartWindowPlacement) {
@@ -1329,6 +1694,11 @@ public class TApplication implements Runnable {
                 doSmartPlacement(window);
             }
         }
+
+        // Desktop cannot be active over any other window.
+        if (desktop != null) {
+            desktop.setActive(false);
+        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1483,11 +1853,11 @@ public class TApplication implements Runnable {
                 continue;
             }
             for (int x = w.getX(); x < w.getX() + w.getWidth(); x++) {
-                if (x == width) {
+                if (x >= width) {
                     continue;
                 }
                 for (int y = w.getY(); y < w.getY() + w.getHeight(); y++) {
-                    if (y == height) {
+                    if (y >= height) {
                         continue;
                     }
                     overlapMatrix[x][y]++;
@@ -1530,11 +1900,11 @@ public class TApplication implements Runnable {
                 long newOverlapN = 0;
                 // Start by adding each new cell.
                 for (int wx = x; wx < x + window.getWidth(); wx++) {
-                    if (wx == width) {
+                    if (wx >= width) {
                         continue;
                     }
                     for (int wy = y; wy < y + window.getHeight(); wy++) {
-                        if (wy == height) {
+                        if (wy >= height) {
                             continue;
                         }
                         newMatrix[wx][wy]++;
@@ -1678,46 +2048,64 @@ public class TApplication implements Runnable {
             return;
         }
 
-        // Only switch if there are multiple windows
-        if (windows.size() < 2) {
+        // If a menu is still active, don't switch windows
+        if (activeMenu != null) {
             return;
         }
 
-        // Switch on the upclick
-        if (mouse.getType() != TMouseEvent.Type.MOUSE_UP) {
+        // Only switch if there are multiple windows
+        if (windows.size() < 2) {
             return;
         }
 
-        synchronized (windows) {
-            Collections.sort(windows);
-            if (windows.get(0).isModal()) {
-                // Modal windows don't switch
-                return;
-            }
+        if (((focusFollowsMouse == true)
+                && (mouse.getType() == TMouseEvent.Type.MOUSE_MOTION))
+            || (mouse.getType() == TMouseEvent.Type.MOUSE_UP)
+        ) {
+            synchronized (windows) {
+                Collections.sort(windows);
+                if (windows.get(0).isModal()) {
+                    // Modal windows don't switch
+                    return;
+                }
 
-            for (TWindow window: windows) {
-                assert (!window.isModal());
-                if (window.mouseWouldHit(mouse)) {
-                    if (window == windows.get(0)) {
-                        // Clicked on the same window, nothing to do
-                        return;
+                for (TWindow window: windows) {
+                    assert (!window.isModal());
+
+                    if (window.isHidden()) {
+                        assert (!window.isActive());
+                        continue;
                     }
 
-                    // We will be switching to another window
-                    assert (windows.get(0).isActive());
-                    assert (!window.isActive());
-                    windows.get(0).onUnfocus();
-                    windows.get(0).setActive(false);
-                    windows.get(0).setZ(window.getZ());
-                    window.setZ(0);
-                    window.setActive(true);
-                    window.onFocus();
-                    return;
+                    if (window.mouseWouldHit(mouse)) {
+                        if (window == windows.get(0)) {
+                            // Clicked on the same window, nothing to do
+                            assert (window.isActive());
+                            return;
+                        }
+
+                        // We will be switching to another window
+                        assert (windows.get(0).isActive());
+                        assert (windows.get(0) == activeWindow);
+                        assert (!window.isActive());
+                        activeWindow.onUnfocus();
+                        activeWindow.setActive(false);
+                        activeWindow.setZ(window.getZ());
+                        activeWindow = window;
+                        window.setZ(0);
+                        window.setActive(true);
+                        window.onFocus();
+                        return;
+                    }
                 }
             }
+
+            // Clicked on the background, nothing to do
+            return;
         }
 
-        // Clicked on the background, nothing to do
+        // Nothing to do: this isn't a mouse up, or focus isn't following
+        // mouse.
         return;
     }
 
@@ -1735,6 +2123,53 @@ public class TApplication implements Runnable {
         }
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Get a (shallow) copy of the menu list.
+     *
+     * @return a copy of the menu list
+     */
+    public final List<TMenu> getAllMenus() {
+        return new LinkedList<TMenu>(menus);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Add a top-level menu to the list.
+     *
+     * @param menu the menu to add
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the menu is already used in
+     * another TApplication
+     */
+    public final void addMenu(final TMenu menu) {
+        if ((menu.getApplication() != null)
+            && (menu.getApplication() != this)
+        ) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Menu " + menu + " is already " +
+                "part of application " + menu.getApplication());
+        }
+        closeMenu();
+        menus.add(menu);
+        recomputeMenuX();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Remove a top-level menu from the list.
+     *
+     * @param menu the menu to remove
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the menu is already used in
+     * another TApplication
+     */
+    public final void removeMenu(final TMenu menu) {
+        if ((menu.getApplication() != null)
+            && (menu.getApplication() != this)
+        ) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Menu " + menu + " is already " +
+                "part of application " + menu.getApplication());
+        }
+        closeMenu();
+        menus.remove(menu);
+        recomputeMenuX();
+    }
+
     /**
      * Turn off a sub-menu.
      */
@@ -1870,10 +2305,17 @@ public class TApplication implements Runnable {
      * @param event new event to add to the queue
      */
     public final void postMenuEvent(final TInputEvent event) {
-        synchronized (fillEventQueue) {
-            fillEventQueue.add(event);
+        synchronized (this) {
+            synchronized (fillEventQueue) {
+                fillEventQueue.add(event);
+            }
+            if (debugThreads) {
+                System.err.println(System.currentTimeMillis() + " " +
+                    Thread.currentThread() + " postMenuEvent() wake up main");
+            }
+            closeMenu();
+            this.notify();
         }
-        closeMenu();
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1906,14 +2348,14 @@ public class TApplication implements Runnable {
      * @return the new menu
      */
     public final TMenu addFileMenu() {
-        TMenu fileMenu = addMenu("&File");
+        TMenu fileMenu = addMenu(i18n.getString("fileMenuTitle"));
         fileMenu.addDefaultItem(TMenu.MID_OPEN_FILE);
         fileMenu.addSeparator();
         fileMenu.addDefaultItem(TMenu.MID_SHELL);
         fileMenu.addDefaultItem(TMenu.MID_EXIT);
-        TStatusBar statusBar = fileMenu.newStatusBar("File-management " +
-            "commands (Open, Save, Print, etc.)");
-        statusBar.addShortcutKeypress(kbF1, cmHelp, "Help");
+        TStatusBar statusBar = fileMenu.newStatusBar(i18n.
+            getString("fileMenuStatus"));
+        statusBar.addShortcutKeypress(kbF1, cmHelp, i18n.getString("Help"));
         return fileMenu;
     }
 
@@ -1923,14 +2365,14 @@ public class TApplication implements Runnable {
      * @return the new menu
      */
     public final TMenu addEditMenu() {
-        TMenu editMenu = addMenu("&Edit");
+        TMenu editMenu = addMenu(i18n.getString("editMenuTitle"));
         editMenu.addDefaultItem(TMenu.MID_CUT);
         editMenu.addDefaultItem(TMenu.MID_COPY);
         editMenu.addDefaultItem(TMenu.MID_PASTE);
         editMenu.addDefaultItem(TMenu.MID_CLEAR);
-        TStatusBar statusBar = editMenu.newStatusBar("Editor operations, " +
-            "undo, and Clipboard access");
-        statusBar.addShortcutKeypress(kbF1, cmHelp, "Help");
+        TStatusBar statusBar = editMenu.newStatusBar(i18n.
+            getString("editMenuStatus"));
+        statusBar.addShortcutKeypress(kbF1, cmHelp, i18n.getString("Help"));
         return editMenu;
     }
 
@@ -1940,7 +2382,7 @@ public class TApplication implements Runnable {
      * @return the new menu
      */
     public final TMenu addWindowMenu() {
-        TMenu windowMenu = addMenu("&Window");
+        TMenu windowMenu = addMenu(i18n.getString("windowMenuTitle"));
         windowMenu.addDefaultItem(TMenu.MID_TILE);
         windowMenu.addDefaultItem(TMenu.MID_CASCADE);
         windowMenu.addDefaultItem(TMenu.MID_CLOSE_ALL);
@@ -1950,9 +2392,9 @@ public class TApplication implements Runnable {
         windowMenu.addDefaultItem(TMenu.MID_WINDOW_NEXT);
         windowMenu.addDefaultItem(TMenu.MID_WINDOW_PREVIOUS);
         windowMenu.addDefaultItem(TMenu.MID_WINDOW_CLOSE);
-        TStatusBar statusBar = windowMenu.newStatusBar("Open, arrange, and " +
-            "list windows");
-        statusBar.addShortcutKeypress(kbF1, cmHelp, "Help");
+        TStatusBar statusBar = windowMenu.newStatusBar(i18n.
+            getString("windowMenuStatus"));
+        statusBar.addShortcutKeypress(kbF1, cmHelp, i18n.getString("Help"));
         return windowMenu;
     }
 
@@ -1962,7 +2404,7 @@ public class TApplication implements Runnable {
      * @return the new menu
      */
     public final TMenu addHelpMenu() {
-        TMenu helpMenu = addMenu("&Help");
+        TMenu helpMenu = addMenu(i18n.getString("helpMenuTitle"));
         helpMenu.addDefaultItem(TMenu.MID_HELP_CONTENTS);
         helpMenu.addDefaultItem(TMenu.MID_HELP_INDEX);
         helpMenu.addDefaultItem(TMenu.MID_HELP_SEARCH);
@@ -1971,8 +2413,9 @@ public class TApplication implements Runnable {
         helpMenu.addDefaultItem(TMenu.MID_HELP_ACTIVE_FILE);
         helpMenu.addSeparator();
         helpMenu.addDefaultItem(TMenu.MID_ABOUT);
-        TStatusBar statusBar = helpMenu.newStatusBar("Access online help");
-        statusBar.addShortcutKeypress(kbF1, cmHelp, "Help");
+        TStatusBar statusBar = helpMenu.newStatusBar(i18n.
+            getString("helpMenuStatus"));
+        statusBar.addShortcutKeypress(kbF1, cmHelp, i18n.getString("Help"));
         return helpMenu;
     }
 
@@ -1990,9 +2433,10 @@ public class TApplication implements Runnable {
     protected boolean onCommand(final TCommandEvent command) {
         // Default: handle cmExit
         if (command.equals(cmExit)) {
-            if (messageBox("Confirmation", "Exit application?",
+            if (messageBox(i18n.getString("exitDialogTitle"),
+                    i18n.getString("exitDialogText"),
                     TMessageBox.Type.YESNO).getResult() == TMessageBox.Result.YES) {
-                quit = true;
+                exit();
             }
             return true;
         }
@@ -2015,6 +2459,16 @@ public class TApplication implements Runnable {
             return true;
         }
 
+        if (command.equals(cmMenu)) {
+            if (!modalWindowActive() && (activeMenu == null)) {
+                if (menus.size() > 0) {
+                    menus.get(0).setActive(true);
+                    activeMenu = menus.get(0);
+                    return true;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -2029,9 +2483,10 @@ public class TApplication implements Runnable {
 
         // Default: handle MID_EXIT
         if (menu.getId() == TMenu.MID_EXIT) {
-            if (messageBox("Confirmation", "Exit application?",
+            if (messageBox(i18n.getString("exitDialogTitle"),
+                    i18n.getString("exitDialogText"),
                     TMessageBox.Type.YESNO).getResult() == TMessageBox.Result.YES) {
-                quit = true;
+                exit();
             }
             return true;
         }
@@ -2107,17 +2562,21 @@ public class TApplication implements Runnable {
         Date now = new Date();
         long nowTime = now.getTime();
         long sleepTime = timeout;
-        for (TTimer timer: timers) {
-            long nextTickTime = timer.getNextTick().getTime();
-            if (nextTickTime < nowTime) {
-                return 0;
-            }
 
-            long timeDifference = nextTickTime - nowTime;
-            if (timeDifference < sleepTime) {
-                sleepTime = timeDifference;
+        synchronized (timers) {
+            for (TTimer timer: timers) {
+                long nextTickTime = timer.getNextTick().getTime();
+                if (nextTickTime < nowTime) {
+                    return 0;
+                }
+
+                long timeDifference = nextTickTime - nowTime;
+                if (timeDifference < sleepTime) {
+                    sleepTime = timeDifference;
+                }
             }
         }
+
         assert (sleepTime >= 0);
         assert (sleepTime <= timeout);
         return sleepTime;
@@ -2267,4 +2726,68 @@ public class TApplication implements Runnable {
         return box.getFilename();
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Convenience function to create a new window and make it active.
+     * Window will be located at (0, 0).
+     *
+     * @param title window title, will be centered along the top border
+     * @param width width of window
+     * @param height height of window
+     */
+    public final TWindow addWindow(final String title, final int width,
+        final int height) {
+
+        TWindow window = new TWindow(this, title, 0, 0, width, height);
+        return window;
+    }
+    /**
+     * Convenience function to create a new window and make it active.
+     * Window will be located at (0, 0).
+     *
+     * @param title window title, will be centered along the top border
+     * @param width width of window
+     * @param height height of window
+     * @param flags bitmask of RESIZABLE, CENTERED, or MODAL
+     */
+    public final TWindow addWindow(final String title,
+        final int width, final int height, final int flags) {
+
+        TWindow window = new TWindow(this, title, 0, 0, width, height, flags);
+        return window;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Convenience function to create a new window and make it active.
+     *
+     * @param title window title, will be centered along the top border
+     * @param x column relative to parent
+     * @param y row relative to parent
+     * @param width width of window
+     * @param height height of window
+     */
+    public final TWindow addWindow(final String title,
+        final int x, final int y, final int width, final int height) {
+
+        TWindow window = new TWindow(this, title, x, y, width, height);
+        return window;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Convenience function to create a new window and make it active.
+     *
+     * @param title window title, will be centered along the top border
+     * @param x column relative to parent
+     * @param y row relative to parent
+     * @param width width of window
+     * @param height height of window
+     * @param flags mask of RESIZABLE, CENTERED, or MODAL
+     */
+    public final TWindow addWindow(final String title,
+        final int x, final int y, final int width, final int height,
+        final int flags) {
+
+        TWindow window = new TWindow(this, title, x, y, width, height, flags);
+        return window;
+    }
+
 }