keyboard accelerators
[fanfix.git] / src / jexer / TApplication.java
index 5df59d9d4d9def15bfca59c6dd7cd564acc50f85..d2b8f446c4d15a5b519f3c55bdc590d787c884a2 100644 (file)
@@ -1,16 +1,11 @@
 /**
- * Jexer - Java Text User Interface - demonstration program
- *
- * Version: $Id$
- *
- * Author: Kevin Lamonte, <a href="mailto:kevin.lamonte@gmail.com">kevin.lamonte@gmail.com</a>
+ * Jexer - Java Text User Interface
  *
  * License: LGPLv3 or later
  *
- * Copyright: This module is licensed under the GNU Lesser General
- * Public License Version 3.  Please see the file "COPYING" in this
- * directory for more information about the GNU Lesser General Public
- * License Version 3.
+ * This module is licensed under the GNU Lesser General Public License
+ * Version 3.  Please see the file "COPYING" in this directory for more
+ * information about the GNU Lesser General Public License Version 3.
  *
  *     Copyright (C) 2015  Kevin Lamonte
  *
  * http://www.gnu.org/licenses/, or write to the Free Software
  * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
  * 02110-1301 USA
+ *
+ * @author Kevin Lamonte [kevin.lamonte@gmail.com]
+ * @version 1
  */
 package jexer;
 
 import java.io.InputStream;
 import java.io.OutputStream;
 import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.LinkedList;
 import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
 
 import jexer.bits.CellAttributes;
 import jexer.bits.ColorTheme;
@@ -44,10 +45,14 @@ import jexer.bits.GraphicsChars;
 import jexer.event.TCommandEvent;
 import jexer.event.TInputEvent;
 import jexer.event.TKeypressEvent;
+import jexer.event.TMenuEvent;
 import jexer.event.TMouseEvent;
 import jexer.event.TResizeEvent;
 import jexer.backend.Backend;
 import jexer.backend.ECMA48Backend;
+import jexer.io.Screen;
+import jexer.menu.TMenu;
+import jexer.menu.TMenuItem;
 import static jexer.TCommand.*;
 import static jexer.TKeypress.*;
 
@@ -59,52 +64,128 @@ public class TApplication {
     /**
      * Access to the physical screen, keyboard, and mouse.
      */
-    public Backend backend;
+    private Backend backend;
+
+    /**
+     * Get the Screen.
+     *
+     * @return the Screen
+     */
+    public final Screen getScreen() {
+        return backend.getScreen();
+    }
 
     /**
-     * Actual mouse coordinate X
+     * Actual mouse coordinate X.
      */
     private int mouseX;
 
     /**
-     * Actual mouse coordinate Y
+     * Actual mouse coordinate Y.
      */
     private int mouseY;
 
     /**
-     * Event queue that will be drained by either primary or secondary Fiber
+     * Event queue that is filled by run().
      */
-    private List<TInputEvent> eventQueue;
+    private List<TInputEvent> fillEventQueue;
+
+    /**
+     * Event queue that will be drained by either primary or secondary
+     * Thread.
+     */
+    private List<TInputEvent> drainEventQueue;
+
+    /**
+     * Top-level menus in this application.
+     */
+    private List<TMenu> menus;
+
+    /**
+     * Stack of activated sub-menus in this application.
+     */
+    private List<TMenu> subMenus;
+
+    /**
+     * The currently acive menu.
+     */
+    private TMenu activeMenu = null;
+
+    /**
+     * Active keyboard accelerators.
+     */
+    private Map<TKeypress, TMenuItem> accelerators;
 
     /**
      * Windows and widgets pull colors from this ColorTheme.
      */
-    public ColorTheme theme;
+    private ColorTheme theme;
+
+    /**
+     * Get the color theme.
+     *
+     * @return the theme
+     */
+    public final ColorTheme getTheme() {
+        return theme;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The top-level windows (but not menus).
+     */
+    private List<TWindow> windows;
 
     /**
      * When true, exit the application.
      */
-    public boolean quit = false;
+    private boolean quit = false;
 
     /**
      * When true, repaint the entire screen.
      */
-    public boolean repaint = true;
+    private boolean repaint = true;
+
+    /**
+     * Request full repaint on next screen refresh.
+     */
+    public final void setRepaint() {
+        repaint = true;
+    }
 
     /**
      * When true, just flush updates from the screen.
      */
-    public boolean flush = false;
+    private boolean flush = false;
 
     /**
-     * Y coordinate of the top edge of the desktop.
+     * Y coordinate of the top edge of the desktop.  For now this is a
+     * constant.  Someday it would be nice to have a multi-line menu or
+     * toolbars.
+     */
+    private static final int desktopTop = 1;
+
+    /**
+     * Get Y coordinate of the top edge of the desktop.
+     *
+     * @return Y coordinate of the top edge of the desktop
      */
-    static public final int desktopTop = 1;
+    public final int getDesktopTop() {
+        return desktopTop;
+    }
 
     /**
      * Y coordinate of the bottom edge of the desktop.
      */
-    public int desktopBottom;
+    private int desktopBottom;
+
+    /**
+     * Get Y coordinate of the bottom edge of the desktop.
+     *
+     * @return Y coordinate of the bottom edge of the desktop
+     */
+    public final int getDesktopBottom() {
+        return desktopBottom;
+    }
 
     /**
      * Public constructor.
@@ -116,297 +197,426 @@ public class TApplication {
      * @param output an OutputStream connected to the remote user, or null
      * for System.out.  output is always converted to a Writer with UTF-8
      * encoding.
+     * @throws UnsupportedEncodingException if an exception is thrown when
+     * creating the InputStreamReader
      */
-    public TApplication(InputStream input, OutputStream output) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
+    public TApplication(final InputStream input,
+        final OutputStream output) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
 
-       backend       = new ECMA48Backend(input, output);
-       theme         = new ColorTheme();
-       desktopBottom = backend.screen.getHeight() - 1;
-       eventQueue    = new LinkedList<TInputEvent>();
+        backend         = new ECMA48Backend(input, output);
+        theme           = new ColorTheme();
+        desktopBottom   = getScreen().getHeight() - 1;
+        fillEventQueue  = new LinkedList<TInputEvent>();
+        drainEventQueue = new LinkedList<TInputEvent>();
+        windows         = new LinkedList<TWindow>();
+        menus           = new LinkedList<TMenu>();
+        subMenus        = new LinkedList<TMenu>();
+        accelerators    = new HashMap<TKeypress, TMenuItem>();
     }
 
     /**
      * Invert the cell at the mouse pointer position.
      */
     private void drawMouse() {
-       CellAttributes attr = backend.screen.getAttrXY(mouseX, mouseY);
-       attr.foreColor = attr.foreColor.invert();
-       attr.backColor = attr.backColor.invert();
-       backend.screen.putAttrXY(mouseX, mouseY, attr, false);
-       flush = true;
+        CellAttributes attr = getScreen().getAttrXY(mouseX, mouseY);
+        attr.setForeColor(attr.getForeColor().invert());
+        attr.setBackColor(attr.getBackColor().invert());
+        getScreen().putAttrXY(mouseX, mouseY, attr, false);
+        flush = true;
 
-       /*
-       if (windows.length == 0) {
-           repaint = true;
-       }
-        */
-       // TODO: remove this repaint after the above if (windows.length == 0)
-       // can be used again.
-       repaint = true;
+        if (windows.size() == 0) {
+            repaint = true;
+        }
     }
 
     /**
      * Draw everything.
      */
-    final public void drawAll() {
-       if ((flush) && (!repaint)) {
-           backend.flushScreen();
-           flush = false;
-           return;
-       }
-
-       if (!repaint) {
-           return;
-       }
-
-       // If true, the cursor is not visible
-       boolean cursor = false;
-
-       // Start with a clean screen
-       backend.screen.clear();
-
-       // Draw the background
-       CellAttributes background = theme.getColor("tapplication.background");
-       backend.screen.putAll(GraphicsChars.HATCH, background);
-
-       /*
-       // Draw each window in reverse Z order
-       TWindow [] sorted = windows.dup;
-       sorted.sort.reverse;
-       foreach (w; sorted) {
-           w.drawChildren();
-       }
-
-       // Draw the blank menubar line - reset the screen clipping first so
-       // it won't trim it out.
-       backend.screen.resetClipping();
-       backend.screen.hLineXY(0, 0, backend.screen.getWidth(), ' ',
-           theme.getColor("tmenu"));
-       // Now draw the menus.
-       int x = 1;
-       foreach (m; menus) {
-           CellAttributes menuColor;
-           CellAttributes menuMnemonicColor;
-           if (m.active) {
-               menuColor = theme.getColor("tmenu.highlighted");
-               menuMnemonicColor = theme.getColor("tmenu.mnemonic.highlighted");
-           } else {
-               menuColor = theme.getColor("tmenu");
-               menuMnemonicColor = theme.getColor("tmenu.mnemonic");
-           }
-           // Draw the menu title
-           backend.screen.hLineXY(x, 0, cast(int)m.title.length + 2, ' ',
-               menuColor);
-           backend.screen.putStrXY(x + 1, 0, m.title, menuColor);
-           // Draw the highlight character
-           backend.screen.putCharXY(x + 1 + m.mnemonic.shortcutIdx, 0,
-               m.mnemonic.shortcut, menuMnemonicColor);
-
-           if (m.active) {
-               m.drawChildren();
-               // Reset the screen clipping so we can draw the next title.
-               backend.screen.resetClipping();
-           }
-           x += m.title.length + 2;
-       }
-
-       foreach (m; subMenus) {
-           // Reset the screen clipping so we can draw the next sub-menu.
-           backend.screen.resetClipping();
-           m.drawChildren();
-       }
-        */
-
-       // Draw the mouse pointer
-       drawMouse();
-
-       /*
-       // Place the cursor if it is visible
-       TWidget activeWidget = null;
-       if (sorted.length > 0) {
-           activeWidget = sorted[$ - 1].getActiveChild();
-           if (activeWidget.hasCursor) {
-               backend.screen.putCursor(true, activeWidget.getCursorAbsoluteX(),
-                   activeWidget.getCursorAbsoluteY());
-               cursor = true;
-           }
-       }
-
-       // Kill the cursor
-       if (cursor == false) {
-           backend.screen.hideCursor();
-       }
-        */
-
-       // Flush the screen contents
-       backend.flushScreen();
-
-       repaint = false;
-       flush = false;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Run this application until it exits, using stdin and stdout
+    public final void drawAll() {
+        if ((flush) && (!repaint)) {
+            backend.flushScreen();
+            flush = false;
+            return;
+        }
+
+        if (!repaint) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        // If true, the cursor is not visible
+        boolean cursor = false;
+
+        // Start with a clean screen
+        getScreen().clear();
+
+        // Draw the background
+        CellAttributes background = theme.getColor("tapplication.background");
+        getScreen().putAll(GraphicsChars.HATCH, background);
+
+        // Draw each window in reverse Z order
+        List<TWindow> sorted = new LinkedList<TWindow>(windows);
+        Collections.sort(sorted);
+        Collections.reverse(sorted);
+        for (TWindow window: sorted) {
+            window.drawChildren();
+        }
+
+        // Draw the blank menubar line - reset the screen clipping first so
+        // it won't trim it out.
+        getScreen().resetClipping();
+        getScreen().hLineXY(0, 0, getScreen().getWidth(), ' ',
+            theme.getColor("tmenu"));
+        // Now draw the menus.
+        int x = 1;
+        for (TMenu menu: menus) {
+            CellAttributes menuColor;
+            CellAttributes menuMnemonicColor;
+            if (menu.getActive()) {
+                menuColor = theme.getColor("tmenu.highlighted");
+                menuMnemonicColor = theme.getColor("tmenu.mnemonic.highlighted");
+            } else {
+                menuColor = theme.getColor("tmenu");
+                menuMnemonicColor = theme.getColor("tmenu.mnemonic");
+            }
+            // Draw the menu title
+            getScreen().hLineXY(x, 0, menu.getTitle().length() + 2, ' ',
+                menuColor);
+            getScreen().putStrXY(x + 1, 0, menu.getTitle(), menuColor);
+            // Draw the highlight character
+            getScreen().putCharXY(x + 1 + menu.getMnemonic().getShortcutIdx(),
+                0, menu.getMnemonic().getShortcut(), menuMnemonicColor);
+
+            if (menu.getActive()) {
+                menu.drawChildren();
+                // Reset the screen clipping so we can draw the next title.
+                getScreen().resetClipping();
+            }
+            x += menu.getTitle().length() + 2;
+        }
+
+        for (TMenu menu: subMenus) {
+            // Reset the screen clipping so we can draw the next sub-menu.
+            getScreen().resetClipping();
+            menu.drawChildren();
+        }
+
+        // Draw the mouse pointer
+        drawMouse();
+
+        // Place the cursor if it is visible
+        TWidget activeWidget = null;
+        if (sorted.size() > 0) {
+            activeWidget = sorted.get(sorted.size() - 1).getActiveChild();
+            if (activeWidget.visibleCursor()) {
+                getScreen().putCursor(true, activeWidget.getCursorAbsoluteX(),
+                    activeWidget.getCursorAbsoluteY());
+                cursor = true;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Kill the cursor
+        if (!cursor) {
+            getScreen().hideCursor();
+        }
+
+        // Flush the screen contents
+        backend.flushScreen();
+
+        repaint = false;
+        flush = false;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Run this application until it exits.
      */
     public final void run() {
+        while (!quit) {
+            // Timeout is in milliseconds, so default timeout after 1 second
+            // of inactivity.
+            int timeout = getSleepTime(1000);
 
-       while (quit == false) {
-           // Timeout is in milliseconds, so default timeout after 1 second
-           // of inactivity.
-           int timeout = getSleepTime(1000);
-           // std.stdio.stderr.writefln("poll() timeout: %d", timeout);
+            // See if there are any definitely events waiting to be processed
+            // or a screen redraw to do.  If so, do not wait if there is no
+            // I/O coming in.
+            synchronized (drainEventQueue) {
+                if (drainEventQueue.size() > 0) {
+                    timeout = 0;
+                }
+            }
+            synchronized (fillEventQueue) {
+                if (fillEventQueue.size() > 0) {
+                    timeout = 0;
+                }
+            }
 
-           if (eventQueue.size() > 0) {
-               // Do not wait if there are definitely events waiting to be
-               // processed or a screen redraw to do.
-               timeout = 0;
-           }
+            // Pull any pending I/O events
+            backend.getEvents(fillEventQueue, timeout);
 
-           // Pull any pending input events
-           List<TInputEvent> events = backend.getEvents(timeout);
-           metaHandleEvents(events);
+            // Dispatch each event to the appropriate handler, one at a time.
+            for (;;) {
+                TInputEvent event = null;
+                synchronized (fillEventQueue) {
+                    if (fillEventQueue.size() == 0) {
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    event = fillEventQueue.remove(0);
+                }
+                metaHandleEvent(event);
+            }
 
-           // Process timers and call doIdle()'s
-           doIdle();
+            // Process timers and call doIdle()'s
+            doIdle();
 
-           // Update the screen
-           drawAll();
-       }
+            // Update the screen
+            drawAll();
+        }
 
-       /*
+        /*
 
-       // Shutdown the fibers
-       eventQueue.length = 0;
-       if (secondaryEventFiber !is null) {
-           assert(secondaryEventReceiver !is null);
-           secondaryEventReceiver = null;
-           if (secondaryEventFiber.state == Fiber.State.HOLD) {
-               // Wake up the secondary handler so that it can exit.
-               secondaryEventFiber.call();
-           }
-       }
+        // Shutdown the fibers
+        eventQueue.length = 0;
+        if (secondaryEventFiber !is null) {
+            assert(secondaryEventReceiver !is null);
+            secondaryEventReceiver = null;
+            if (secondaryEventFiber.state == Fiber.State.HOLD) {
+                // Wake up the secondary handler so that it can exit.
+                secondaryEventFiber.call();
+            }
+        }
 
-       if (primaryEventFiber.state == Fiber.State.HOLD) {
-           // Wake up the primary handler so that it can exit.
-           primaryEventFiber.call();
-       }
-        */
+        if (primaryEventFiber.state == Fiber.State.HOLD) {
+            // Wake up the primary handler so that it can exit.
+            primaryEventFiber.call();
+        }
+         */
 
-       backend.shutdown();
+        backend.shutdown();
     }
 
     /**
      * Peek at certain application-level events, add to eventQueue, and wake
-     * up the consuming Fiber.
+     * up the consuming Thread.
      *
-     * @param events the input events to consume
-     */
-    private void metaHandleEvents(List<TInputEvent> events) {
-
-       for (TInputEvent event: events) {
-
-           /*
-           System.err.printf(String.format("metaHandleEvents event: %s\n",
-                   event)); System.err.flush();
-            */
-
-           if (quit == true) {
-               // Do no more processing if the application is already trying
-               // to exit.
-               return;
-           }
-
-           // DEBUG
-           if (event instanceof TKeypressEvent) {
-               TKeypressEvent keypress = (TKeypressEvent)event;
-               if (keypress.key.equals(kbAltX)) {
-                   quit = true;
-                   return;
-               }
-           }
-           // DEBUG
-
-           // Special application-wide events -------------------------------
-
-           // Abort everything
-           if (event instanceof TCommandEvent) {
-               TCommandEvent command = (TCommandEvent)event;
-               if (command.cmd.equals(cmAbort)) {
-                   quit = true;
-                   return;
-               }
-           }
-
-           // Screen resize
-           if (event instanceof TResizeEvent) {
-               TResizeEvent resize = (TResizeEvent)event;
-               backend.screen.setDimensions(resize.width, resize.height);
-               desktopBottom = backend.screen.getHeight() - 1;
-               repaint = true;
-               mouseX = 0;
-               mouseY = 0;
-               continue;
-           }
-
-           // Peek at the mouse position
-           if (event instanceof TMouseEvent) {
-               TMouseEvent mouse = (TMouseEvent)event;
-               if ((mouseX != mouse.x) || (mouseY != mouse.y)) {
-                   mouseX = mouse.x;
-                   mouseY = mouse.y;
-                   drawMouse();
-               }
-           }
-
-           /*
-
-           // Put into the main queue
-           addEvent(event);
-
-           // Have one of the two consumer Fibers peel the events off
-           // the queue.
-           if (secondaryEventFiber !is null) {
-               assert(secondaryEventFiber.state == Fiber.State.HOLD);
-
-               // Wake up the secondary handler for these events
-               secondaryEventFiber.call();
-           } else {
-               assert(primaryEventFiber.state == Fiber.State.HOLD);
-
-               // Wake up the primary handler for these events
-               primaryEventFiber.call();
-           }
-            */
-
-       } // for (TInputEvent event: events)
+     * @param event the input event to consume
+     */
+    private void metaHandleEvent(final TInputEvent event) {
+
+        /*
+        System.err.printf(String.format("metaHandleEvents event: %s\n",
+                event)); System.err.flush();
+         */
+
+        if (quit) {
+            // Do no more processing if the application is already trying
+            // to exit.
+            return;
+        }
+
+        // Special application-wide events -------------------------------
+
+        // Abort everything
+        if (event instanceof TCommandEvent) {
+            TCommandEvent command = (TCommandEvent) event;
+            if (command.getCmd().equals(cmAbort)) {
+                quit = true;
+                return;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Screen resize
+        if (event instanceof TResizeEvent) {
+            TResizeEvent resize = (TResizeEvent) event;
+            getScreen().setDimensions(resize.getWidth(),
+                resize.getHeight());
+            desktopBottom = getScreen().getHeight() - 1;
+            repaint = true;
+            mouseX = 0;
+            mouseY = 0;
+            return;
+        }
+
+        // Peek at the mouse position
+        if (event instanceof TMouseEvent) {
+            TMouseEvent mouse = (TMouseEvent) event;
+            if ((mouseX != mouse.getX()) || (mouseY != mouse.getY())) {
+                mouseX = mouse.getX();
+                mouseY = mouse.getY();
+                drawMouse();
+            }
+        }
+
+        // TODO: change to two separate threads
+        primaryHandleEvent(event);
+
+        /*
+
+         // Put into the main queue
+         addEvent(event);
+
+         // Have one of the two consumer Fibers peel the events off
+         // the queue.
+         if (secondaryEventFiber !is null) {
+         assert(secondaryEventFiber.state == Fiber.State.HOLD);
+
+         // Wake up the secondary handler for these events
+         secondaryEventFiber.call();
+         } else {
+         assert(primaryEventFiber.state == Fiber.State.HOLD);
+
+         // Wake up the primary handler for these events
+         primaryEventFiber.call();
+         }
+         */
 
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Dispatch one event to the appropriate widget or application-level
+     * event handler.  This is the primary event handler, it has the normal
+     * application-wide event handling.
+     *
+     * @param event the input event to consume
+     * @see #secondaryHandleEvent(TInputEvent event)
+     */
+    private void primaryHandleEvent(final TInputEvent event) {
+
+        // System.err.printf("Handle event: %s\n", event);
+
+        // Special application-wide events -----------------------------------
+
+        // Peek at the mouse position
+        if (event instanceof TMouseEvent) {
+            // See if we need to switch focus to another window or the menu
+            checkSwitchFocus((TMouseEvent) event);
+        }
+
+        // Handle menu events
+        if ((activeMenu != null) && !(event instanceof TCommandEvent)) {
+            TMenu menu = activeMenu;
+
+            if (event instanceof TMouseEvent) {
+                TMouseEvent mouse = (TMouseEvent) event;
+
+                while (subMenus.size() > 0) {
+                    TMenu subMenu = subMenus.get(subMenus.size() - 1);
+                    if (subMenu.mouseWouldHit(mouse)) {
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    if ((mouse.getType() == TMouseEvent.Type.MOUSE_MOTION)
+                        && (!mouse.getMouse1())
+                        && (!mouse.getMouse2())
+                        && (!mouse.getMouse3())
+                        && (!mouse.getMouseWheelUp())
+                        && (!mouse.getMouseWheelDown())
+                    ) {
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    // We navigated away from a sub-menu, so close it
+                    closeSubMenu();
+                }
+
+                // Convert the mouse relative x/y to menu coordinates
+                assert (mouse.getX() == mouse.getAbsoluteX());
+                assert (mouse.getY() == mouse.getAbsoluteY());
+                if (subMenus.size() > 0) {
+                    menu = subMenus.get(subMenus.size() - 1);
+                }
+                mouse.setX(mouse.getX() - menu.getX());
+                mouse.setY(mouse.getY() - menu.getY());
+            }
+            menu.handleEvent(event);
+            return;
+        }
+
+        if (event instanceof TKeypressEvent) {
+            TKeypressEvent keypress = (TKeypressEvent) event;
+
+            // See if this key matches an accelerator, and if so dispatch the
+            // menu event.
+            TKeypress keypressLowercase = keypress.getKey().toLowerCase();
+            TMenuItem item = null;
+            synchronized (accelerators) {
+                item = accelerators.get(keypressLowercase);
+            }
+            if (item != null) {
+                // Let the menu item dispatch
+                item.dispatch();
+                return;
+            } else {
+                // Handle the keypress
+                if (onKeypress(keypress)) {
+                    return;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (event instanceof TCommandEvent) {
+            if (onCommand((TCommandEvent) event)) {
+                return;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (event instanceof TMenuEvent) {
+            if (onMenu((TMenuEvent) event)) {
+                return;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Dispatch events to the active window -------------------------------
+        for (TWindow window: windows) {
+            if (window.getActive()) {
+                if (event instanceof TMouseEvent) {
+                    TMouseEvent mouse = (TMouseEvent) event;
+                    // Convert the mouse relative x/y to window coordinates
+                    assert (mouse.getX() == mouse.getAbsoluteX());
+                    assert (mouse.getY() == mouse.getAbsoluteY());
+                    mouse.setX(mouse.getX() - window.getX());
+                    mouse.setY(mouse.getY() - window.getY());
+                }
+                // System.err("TApplication dispatch event: %s\n", event);
+                window.handleEvent(event);
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    /**
+     * Dispatch one event to the appropriate widget or application-level
+     * event handler.  This is the secondary event handler used by certain
+     * special dialogs (currently TMessageBox and TFileOpenBox).
+     *
+     * @param event the input event to consume
+     * @see #primaryHandleEvent(TInputEvent event)
+     */
+    private void secondaryHandleEvent(final TInputEvent event) {
+        // TODO
+    }
+
     /**
      * Do stuff when there is no user input.
      */
     private void doIdle() {
-       /*
-       // Now run any timers that have timed out
-       auto now = Clock.currTime;
-       TTimer [] keepTimers;
-       foreach (t; timers) {
-           if (t.nextTick < now) {
-               t.tick();
-               if (t.recurring == true) {
-                   keepTimers ~= t;
-               }
-           } else {
-               keepTimers ~= t;
-           }
-       }
-       timers = keepTimers;
-
-       // Call onIdle's
-       foreach (w; windows) {
-           w.onIdle();
-       }
-        */
+        /*
+         TODO
+        // Now run any timers that have timed out
+        auto now = Clock.currTime;
+        TTimer [] keepTimers;
+        foreach (t; timers) {
+            if (t.nextTick < now) {
+                t.tick();
+                if (t.recurring == true) {
+                    keepTimers ~= t;
+                }
+            } else {
+                keepTimers ~= t;
+            }
+        }
+        timers = keepTimers;
+
+        // Call onIdle's
+        foreach (w; windows) {
+            w.onIdle();
+        }
+         */
     }
 
     /**
@@ -415,24 +625,703 @@ public class TApplication {
      * @param timeout = initial (maximum) timeout
      * @return number of milliseconds between now and the next timer event
      */
-    protected int getSleepTime(int timeout) {
-       /*
-       auto now = Clock.currTime;
-       auto sleepTime = dur!("msecs")(timeout);
-       foreach (t; timers) {
-           if (t.nextTick < now) {
-               return 0;
-           }
-           if ((t.nextTick > now) &&
-               ((t.nextTick - now) < sleepTime)
-           ) {
-               sleepTime = t.nextTick - now;
-           }
-       }
-       assert(sleepTime.total!("msecs")() >= 0);
-       return cast(uint)sleepTime.total!("msecs")();
-        */
-       return 0;
+    protected int getSleepTime(final int timeout) {
+        /*
+        auto now = Clock.currTime;
+        auto sleepTime = dur!("msecs")(timeout);
+        foreach (t; timers) {
+            if (t.nextTick < now) {
+                return 0;
+            }
+            if ((t.nextTick > now) &&
+                ((t.nextTick - now) < sleepTime)
+            ) {
+                sleepTime = t.nextTick - now;
+            }
+        }
+        assert(sleepTime.total!("msecs")() >= 0);
+        return cast(uint)sleepTime.total!("msecs")();
+         */
+        // TODO: fix timers.  Until then, come back after 250 millis.
+        return 250;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Close window.  Note that the window's destructor is NOT called by this
+     * method, instead the GC is assumed to do the cleanup.
+     *
+     * @param window the window to remove
+     */
+    public final void closeWindow(final TWindow window) {
+        int z = window.getZ();
+        window.setZ(-1);
+        Collections.sort(windows);
+        windows.remove(0);
+        TWindow activeWindow = null;
+        for (TWindow w: windows) {
+            if (w.getZ() > z) {
+                w.setZ(w.getZ() - 1);
+                if (w.getZ() == 0) {
+                    w.setActive(true);
+                    assert (activeWindow == null);
+                    activeWindow = w;
+                } else {
+                    w.setActive(false);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Perform window cleanup
+        window.onClose();
+
+        // Refresh screen
+        repaint = true;
+
+        /*
+         TODO
+
+
+        // Check if we are closing a TMessageBox or similar
+        if (secondaryEventReceiver !is null) {
+            assert(secondaryEventFiber !is null);
+
+            // Do not send events to the secondaryEventReceiver anymore, the
+            // window is closed.
+            secondaryEventReceiver = null;
+
+            // Special case: if this is called while executing on a
+            // secondaryEventFiber, call it so that widgetEventHandler() can
+            // terminate.
+            if (secondaryEventFiber.state == Fiber.State.HOLD) {
+                secondaryEventFiber.call();
+            }
+            secondaryEventFiber = null;
+
+            // Unfreeze the logic in handleEvent()
+            if (primaryEventFiber.state == Fiber.State.HOLD) {
+                primaryEventFiber.call();
+            }
+        }
+         */
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Switch to the next window.
+     *
+     * @param forward if true, then switch to the next window in the list,
+     * otherwise switch to the previous window in the list
+     */
+    public final void switchWindow(final boolean forward) {
+        // Only switch if there are multiple windows
+        if (windows.size() < 2) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        // Swap z/active between active window and the next in the list
+        int activeWindowI = -1;
+        for (int i = 0; i < windows.size(); i++) {
+            if (windows.get(i).getActive()) {
+                activeWindowI = i;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        assert (activeWindowI >= 0);
+
+        // Do not switch if a window is modal
+        if (windows.get(activeWindowI).isModal()) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        int nextWindowI;
+        if (forward) {
+            nextWindowI = (activeWindowI + 1) % windows.size();
+        } else {
+            if (activeWindowI == 0) {
+                nextWindowI = windows.size() - 1;
+            } else {
+                nextWindowI = activeWindowI - 1;
+            }
+        }
+        windows.get(activeWindowI).setActive(false);
+        windows.get(activeWindowI).setZ(windows.get(nextWindowI).getZ());
+        windows.get(nextWindowI).setZ(0);
+        windows.get(nextWindowI).setActive(true);
+
+        // Refresh
+        repaint = true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Add a window to my window list and make it active.
+     *
+     * @param window new window to add
+     */
+    public final void addWindow(final TWindow window) {
+        // Do not allow a modal window to spawn a non-modal window
+        if ((windows.size() > 0) && (windows.get(0).isModal())) {
+            assert (window.isModal());
+        }
+        for (TWindow w: windows) {
+            w.setActive(false);
+            w.setZ(w.getZ() + 1);
+        }
+        windows.add(window);
+        window.setActive(true);
+        window.setZ(0);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Check if there is a system-modal window on top.
+     *
+     * @return true if the active window is modal
+     */
+    private boolean modalWindowActive() {
+        if (windows.size() == 0) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        return windows.get(windows.size() - 1).isModal();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Check if a mouse event would hit either the active menu or any open
+     * sub-menus.
+     *
+     * @param mouse mouse event
+     * @return true if the mouse would hit the active menu or an open
+     * sub-menu
+     */
+    private boolean mouseOnMenu(final TMouseEvent mouse) {
+        assert (activeMenu != null);
+        List<TMenu> menus = new LinkedList<TMenu>(subMenus);
+        Collections.reverse(menus);
+        for (TMenu menu: menus) {
+            if (menu.mouseWouldHit(mouse)) {
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+        return activeMenu.mouseWouldHit(mouse);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * See if we need to switch window or activate the menu based on
+     * a mouse click.
+     *
+     * @param mouse mouse event
+     */
+    private void checkSwitchFocus(final TMouseEvent mouse) {
+
+        if ((mouse.getType() == TMouseEvent.Type.MOUSE_DOWN)
+            && (activeMenu != null)
+            && (mouse.getAbsoluteY() != 0)
+            && (!mouseOnMenu(mouse))
+        ) {
+            // They clicked outside the active menu, turn it off
+            activeMenu.setActive(false);
+            activeMenu = null;
+            for (TMenu menu: subMenus) {
+                menu.setActive(false);
+            }
+            subMenus.clear();
+            // Continue checks
+        }
+
+        // See if they hit the menu bar
+        if ((mouse.getType() == TMouseEvent.Type.MOUSE_DOWN)
+            && (mouse.getMouse1())
+            && (!modalWindowActive())
+            && (mouse.getAbsoluteY() == 0)
+        ) {
+
+            for (TMenu menu: subMenus) {
+                menu.setActive(false);
+            }
+            subMenus.clear();
+
+            // They selected the menu, go activate it
+            for (TMenu menu: menus) {
+                if ((mouse.getAbsoluteX() >= menu.getX())
+                    && (mouse.getAbsoluteX() < menu.getX()
+                        + menu.getTitle().length() + 2)
+                ) {
+                    menu.setActive(true);
+                    activeMenu = menu;
+                } else {
+                    menu.setActive(false);
+                }
+            }
+            repaint = true;
+            return;
+        }
+
+        // See if they hit the menu bar
+        if ((mouse.getType() == TMouseEvent.Type.MOUSE_MOTION)
+            && (mouse.getMouse1())
+            && (activeMenu != null)
+            && (mouse.getAbsoluteY() == 0)
+        ) {
+
+            TMenu oldMenu = activeMenu;
+            for (TMenu menu: subMenus) {
+                menu.setActive(false);
+            }
+            subMenus.clear();
+
+            // See if we should switch menus
+            for (TMenu menu: menus) {
+                if ((mouse.getAbsoluteX() >= menu.getX())
+                    && (mouse.getAbsoluteX() < menu.getX()
+                        + menu.getTitle().length() + 2)
+                ) {
+                    menu.setActive(true);
+                    activeMenu = menu;
+                }
+            }
+            if (oldMenu != activeMenu) {
+                // They switched menus
+                oldMenu.setActive(false);
+            }
+            repaint = true;
+            return;
+        }
+
+        // Only switch if there are multiple windows
+        if (windows.size() < 2) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        // Switch on the upclick
+        if (mouse.getType() != TMouseEvent.Type.MOUSE_UP) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        Collections.sort(windows);
+        if (windows.get(0).isModal()) {
+            // Modal windows don't switch
+            return;
+        }
+
+        for (TWindow window: windows) {
+            assert (!window.isModal());
+            if (window.mouseWouldHit(mouse)) {
+                if (window == windows.get(0)) {
+                    // Clicked on the same window, nothing to do
+                    return;
+                }
+
+                // We will be switching to another window
+                assert (windows.get(0).getActive());
+                assert (!window.getActive());
+                windows.get(0).setActive(false);
+                windows.get(0).setZ(window.getZ());
+                window.setZ(0);
+                window.setActive(true);
+                repaint = true;
+                return;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Clicked on the background, nothing to do
+        return;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Turn off the menu.
+     */
+    public final void closeMenu() {
+        if (activeMenu != null) {
+            activeMenu.setActive(false);
+            activeMenu = null;
+            for (TMenu menu: subMenus) {
+                menu.setActive(false);
+            }
+            subMenus.clear();
+        }
+        repaint = true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Turn off a sub-menu.
+     */
+    public final void closeSubMenu() {
+        assert (activeMenu != null);
+        TMenu item = subMenus.get(subMenus.size() - 1);
+        assert (item != null);
+        item.setActive(false);
+        subMenus.remove(subMenus.size() - 1);
+        repaint = true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Switch to the next menu.
+     *
+     * @param forward if true, then switch to the next menu in the list,
+     * otherwise switch to the previous menu in the list
+     */
+    public final void switchMenu(final boolean forward) {
+        assert (activeMenu != null);
+
+        for (TMenu menu: subMenus) {
+            menu.setActive(false);
+        }
+        subMenus.clear();
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < menus.size(); i++) {
+            if (activeMenu == menus.get(i)) {
+                if (forward) {
+                    if (i < menus.size() - 1) {
+                        i++;
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    if (i > 0) {
+                        i--;
+                    }
+                }
+                activeMenu.setActive(false);
+                activeMenu = menus.get(i);
+                activeMenu.setActive(true);
+                repaint = true;
+                return;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Method that TApplication subclasses can override to handle menu or
+     * posted command events.
+     *
+     * @param command command event
+     * @return if true, this event was consumed
+     */
+    protected boolean onCommand(final TCommandEvent command) {
+        /*
+         TODO
+        // Default: handle cmExit
+        if (command.equals(cmExit)) {
+            if (messageBox("Confirmation", "Exit application?",
+                    TMessageBox.Type.YESNO).result == TMessageBox.Result.YES) {
+                quit = true;
+            }
+            repaint = true;
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        if (command.equals(cmShell)) {
+            openTerminal(0, 0, TWindow.Flag.RESIZABLE);
+            repaint = true;
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        if (command.equals(cmTile)) {
+            tileWindows();
+            repaint = true;
+            return true;
+        }
+        if (command.equals(cmCascade)) {
+            cascadeWindows();
+            repaint = true;
+            return true;
+        }
+        if (command.equals(cmCloseAll)) {
+            closeAllWindows();
+            repaint = true;
+            return true;
+        }
+         */
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Method that TApplication subclasses can override to handle menu
+     * events.
+     *
+     * @param menu menu event
+     * @return if true, this event was consumed
+     */
+    protected boolean onMenu(final TMenuEvent menu) {
+
+        // Default: handle MID_EXIT
+        if (menu.getId() == TMenu.MID_EXIT) {
+            /*
+             TODO
+            if (messageBox("Confirmation", "Exit application?",
+                    TMessageBox.Type.YESNO).result == TMessageBox.Result.YES) {
+                quit = true;
+            }
+            // System.err.printf("onMenu MID_EXIT result: quit = %s\n", quit);
+            repaint = true;
+            return true;
+             */
+            quit = true;
+            repaint = true;
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        /*
+         TODO
+        if (menu.id == TMenu.MID_SHELL) {
+            openTerminal(0, 0, TWindow.Flag.RESIZABLE);
+            repaint = true;
+            return true;
+        }
+         */
+
+        if (menu.getId() == TMenu.MID_TILE) {
+            tileWindows();
+            repaint = true;
+            return true;
+        }
+        if (menu.getId() == TMenu.MID_CASCADE) {
+            cascadeWindows();
+            repaint = true;
+            return true;
+        }
+        if (menu.getId() == TMenu.MID_CLOSE_ALL) {
+            closeAllWindows();
+            repaint = true;
+            return true;
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Method that TApplication subclasses can override to handle keystrokes.
+     *
+     * @param keypress keystroke event
+     * @return if true, this event was consumed
+     */
+    protected boolean onKeypress(final TKeypressEvent keypress) {
+        // Default: only menu shortcuts
+
+        // Process Alt-F, Alt-E, etc. menu shortcut keys
+        if (!keypress.getKey().getIsKey()
+            && keypress.getKey().getAlt()
+            && !keypress.getKey().getCtrl()
+            && (activeMenu == null)
+        ) {
+
+            assert (subMenus.size() == 0);
+
+            for (TMenu menu: menus) {
+                if (Character.toLowerCase(menu.getMnemonic().getShortcut())
+                    == Character.toLowerCase(keypress.getKey().getCh())
+                ) {
+                    activeMenu = menu;
+                    menu.setActive(true);
+                    repaint = true;
+                    return true;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Add a keyboard accelerator to the global hash.
+     *
+     * @param item menu item this accelerator relates to
+     * @param keypress keypress that will dispatch a TMenuEvent
+     */
+    public final void addAccelerator(final TMenuItem item,
+        final TKeypress keypress) {
+
+        // System.err.printf("addAccelerator: key %s item %s\n", keypress, item);
+
+        synchronized (accelerators) {
+            assert (accelerators.get(keypress) == null);
+            accelerators.put(keypress, item);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Recompute menu x positions based on their title length.
+     */
+    public final void recomputeMenuX() {
+        int x = 0;
+        for (TMenu menu: menus) {
+            menu.setX(x);
+            x += menu.getTitle().length() + 2;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Post an event to process and turn off the menu.
+     *
+     * @param event new event to add to the queue
+     */
+    public final void addMenuEvent(final TInputEvent event) {
+        synchronized (fillEventQueue) {
+            fillEventQueue.add(event);
+        }
+        closeMenu();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Add a sub-menu to the list of open sub-menus.
+     *
+     * @param menu sub-menu
+     */
+    public final void addSubMenu(final TMenu menu) {
+        subMenus.add(menu);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Convenience function to add a top-level menu.
+     *
+     * @param title menu title
+     * @return the new menu
+     */
+    public final TMenu addMenu(String title) {
+        int x = 0;
+        int y = 0;
+        TMenu menu = new TMenu(this, x, y, title);
+        menus.add(menu);
+        recomputeMenuX();
+        return menu;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Convenience function to add a default "File" menu.
+     *
+     * @return the new menu
+     */
+    public final TMenu addFileMenu() {
+        TMenu fileMenu = addMenu("&File");
+        fileMenu.addDefaultItem(TMenu.MID_OPEN_FILE);
+        fileMenu.addSeparator();
+        fileMenu.addDefaultItem(TMenu.MID_SHELL);
+        fileMenu.addDefaultItem(TMenu.MID_EXIT);
+        return fileMenu;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Convenience function to add a default "Edit" menu.
+     *
+     * @return the new menu
+     */
+    public final TMenu addEditMenu() {
+        TMenu editMenu = addMenu("&Edit");
+        editMenu.addDefaultItem(TMenu.MID_CUT);
+        editMenu.addDefaultItem(TMenu.MID_COPY);
+        editMenu.addDefaultItem(TMenu.MID_PASTE);
+        editMenu.addDefaultItem(TMenu.MID_CLEAR);
+        return editMenu;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Convenience function to add a default "Window" menu.
+     *
+     * @return the new menu
+     */
+    final public TMenu addWindowMenu() {
+        TMenu windowMenu = addMenu("&Window");
+        windowMenu.addDefaultItem(TMenu.MID_TILE);
+        windowMenu.addDefaultItem(TMenu.MID_CASCADE);
+        windowMenu.addDefaultItem(TMenu.MID_CLOSE_ALL);
+        windowMenu.addSeparator();
+        windowMenu.addDefaultItem(TMenu.MID_WINDOW_MOVE);
+        windowMenu.addDefaultItem(TMenu.MID_WINDOW_ZOOM);
+        windowMenu.addDefaultItem(TMenu.MID_WINDOW_NEXT);
+        windowMenu.addDefaultItem(TMenu.MID_WINDOW_PREVIOUS);
+        windowMenu.addDefaultItem(TMenu.MID_WINDOW_CLOSE);
+        return windowMenu;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Close all open windows.
+     */
+    private void closeAllWindows() {
+        // Don't do anything if we are in the menu
+        if (activeMenu != null) {
+            return;
+        }
+        for (TWindow window: windows) {
+            closeWindow(window);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Re-layout the open windows as non-overlapping tiles.  This produces
+     * almost the same results as Turbo Pascal 7.0's IDE.
+     */
+    private void tileWindows() {
+        // Don't do anything if we are in the menu
+        if (activeMenu != null) {
+            return;
+        }
+        int z = windows.size();
+        if (z == 0) {
+            return;
+        }
+        int a = 0;
+        int b = 0;
+        a = (int)(Math.sqrt(z));
+        int c = 0;
+        while (c < a) {
+            b = (z - c) / a;
+            if (((a * b) + c) == z) {
+                break;
+            }
+            c++;
+        }
+        assert (a > 0);
+        assert (b > 0);
+        assert (c < a);
+        int newWidth = (getScreen().getWidth() / a);
+        int newHeight1 = ((getScreen().getHeight() - 1) / b);
+        int newHeight2 = ((getScreen().getHeight() - 1) / (b + c));
+        // System.err.printf("Z %s a %s b %s c %s newWidth %s newHeight1 %s newHeight2 %s",
+        //     z, a, b, c, newWidth, newHeight1, newHeight2);
+
+        List<TWindow> sorted = new LinkedList<TWindow>(windows);
+        Collections.sort(sorted);
+        Collections.reverse(sorted);
+        for (int i = 0; i < sorted.size(); i++) {
+            int logicalX = i / b;
+            int logicalY = i % b;
+            if (i >= ((a - 1) * b)) {
+                logicalX = a - 1;
+                logicalY = i - ((a - 1) * b);
+            }
+
+            TWindow w = sorted.get(i);
+            w.setX(logicalX * newWidth);
+            w.setWidth(newWidth);
+            if (i >= ((a - 1) * b)) {
+                w.setY((logicalY * newHeight2) + 1);
+                w.setHeight(newHeight2);
+            } else {
+                w.setY((logicalY * newHeight1) + 1);
+                w.setHeight(newHeight1);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Re-layout the open windows as overlapping cascaded windows.
+     */
+    private void cascadeWindows() {
+        // Don't do anything if we are in the menu
+        if (activeMenu != null) {
+            return;
+        }
+        int x = 0;
+        int y = 1;
+        List<TWindow> sorted = new LinkedList<TWindow>(windows);
+        Collections.sort(sorted);
+        Collections.reverse(sorted);
+        for (TWindow w: sorted) {
+            w.setX(x);
+            w.setY(y);
+            x++;
+            y++;
+            if (x > getScreen().getWidth()) {
+                x = 0;
+            }
+            if (y >= getScreen().getHeight()) {
+                y = 1;
+            }
+        }
     }
 
 }